[5/21/97 smatu]
Originally, the problem was reported in Asian E-reg testing.
In Taiwan big5 locale (zh_TW.BIG5), users can see Chinese characters
in the data-entry window, but cannot input Chinese into the text area.

After probing the xlib function calls (by inserting a LD_PRELOAD
module), I found the following function call---

calling XCreateFontSet():
-b&h-lucida sans-medium-r-normal-sans-*-120-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-1,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-2,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-3,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-4,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-5,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-6,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-7,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-12,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-14,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-15,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-c-*-cns11643-16

It appears that AWT is calling XCreateFontSet() with a base font name
taken from /usr/java/lib/font.properties.zh_TW
(It is unfortunate that Java does not distinguish the encoding, i.e., BIG5
part is not taken care of in searching the property files.)

Now, in /usr/java/lib/font.properties.zh_TW, there are bunch of definitions
for fontset: such as

fontset.serif.plain=-linotype-times-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1,-sun-sung-medium-r-normal--*-%d-*-*-c-*-cns11643-1,....
....


The problem is that zh_TW.BIG5 and zh_TW use different fonts
in terms of the charset-registry. In fact, zh_TW.BIG5 requires
fonts of big5-0 and big5-1 as charset-registry names.
AWT is forcing Motif to use a fontset which consists of cns11643
charsets (as defined in font.properties.zh_TW), but the Xlib
expects fontset to be composed of big5 charsets.

Therefore, XCreateFontSet() is not completely successful, i.e.,
missing_charset is returned. As a result, none of the Chinese
characters can be drawn in the text area in AWT.

This needs to be fixed.
In Solaris, locale is <language name>_<territory name>.<encoding name>
In case of Taiwan, we have two locales which have the same
<language name>_<territory name> as zh_TW, but have different
<encoding name>, (EUC and BIG5).
Java cannot assume that these two use the same configuration
for the fontset.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
[chamness 5/29/97] Another user reports:

From: Ko-Haw Nieh <###@###.###>
Synopsis: NT4.0 -- cannot display multiByte characters (Big5) in TextArea

Description:
(1) unpack the following 4 files
(2) copy font.properties to c:\jdk1.1.1\lib
(3) install the MingLiU font on NT-4.0, it is on the NT4.0 CD
(4) javac Bug1.java MyResources.java MyResources_zh_TW.java
(5) java Bug1
     Big5 characters are displayed on button and canvas.
     No big5 characters is displayed in the TextArea.

::::::
Bug1.java
::::::
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import sun.io.*;

class InputCanvas extends Canvas{
  public String big5Str = "";
  InputCanvas(){
    setSize(60,60);
    setBackground(Color.yellow);
  }
  public void paint(Graphics g){
     g.setColor(Color.yellow);
     g.fillRect(0, 0, 60,60);
     g.setColor(Color.black);
     g.setFont(new Font("Helvetica",Font.BOLD,20));
     g.drawString(big5Str,40,40);
  }
}

public class Bug1 extends Frame
{
    String closeStr;
    public Bug1() {
    ResourceBundle myResources;

            Panel p = new Panel();
p.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

            // Set the locale to current system locale
            // and localize the buttons to display translations.

            Locale myLocale = Locale.getDefault();
            Locale twLocale = new Locale("zh","TW","");
            myLocale.setDefault(twLocale);
            myResources = ResourceBundle.getBundle("MyResources", myLocale);
closeStr = myResources.getString("Close");
p.add(new Button(closeStr));
add("North",p);
            InputCanvas inputCV = new InputCanvas();
            inputCV.big5Str = closeStr;
            add("Center",inputCV);
            
            inputCV.repaint();
        
            TextArea tx = new TextArea(closeStr,8,40);
            tx.setFont(new Font("Helvetica",Font.BOLD,20));
            add("South",tx);

            setSize(100,100);
    }
    // main program so it can be tested as a standalone program
     public static void main(String args[]) {
          Bug1 window = new Bug1();
          window.setTitle("TextArea is not localized");
          window.pack();
          window.show();
      }

}

:::::::
MyResources.java
:::::::
package ListResourceBundle;

import java.util.*;

public class MyResources extends ListResourceBundle {
    public Object[][] getContents() {
return contents;
    }

    static final Object[][] contents = {
{ "Close","Close" },
{ "Display String", "Display String" }
     };
}
::::::::
MyResources_zh_TW.java
:::::::::

package ListResourceBundle;

import java.util.*;

public class MyResources_zh_TW extends ListResourceBundle {
    public Object[][] getContents() {
return contents;
    }

    static final Object[][] contents = {
{ "Close", "\u7d50\u675f" },
{ "Courier", "Courier" },
{ "Display String", "\u986f\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32" }
};
}
::::::::::
font.properties
::::::::::::
# @(#)font.properties.zh_TW 1.5 97/01/17
#
# AWT Font default Properties for Traditional Chinese Windows
#

# name aliases
#
alias.timesroman=serif
alias.helvetica=sansserif
alias.courier=monospaced

dialog.0=Arial,ANSI_CHARSET
dialog.1=MingLiU,CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
dialog.2=WingDings,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
dialog.3=Symbol,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED

dialoginput.0=Courier New,ANSI_CHARSET
dialoginput.1=MingLiU,CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
dialoginput.2=WingDings,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
dialoginput.3=Symbol,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED

serif.0=Times New Roman,ANSI_CHARSET
serif.1=MingLiU,CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
serif.2=WingDings,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
serif.3=Symbol,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED

sansserif.0=Arial,ANSI_CHARSET
sansserif.1=MingLiU,CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
sansserif.2=WingDings,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
sansserif.3=Symbol,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED

monospaced.0=Courier New,ANSI_CHARSET
monospaced.1=MingLiU,CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
monospaced.2=WingDings,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED
monospaced.3=Symbol,SYMBOL_CHARSET,NEED_CONVERTED

# Static FontCharset info.
#
fontcharset.dialog.1=sun.io.CharToByteBig5
fontcharset.dialog.2=sun.awt.windows.CharToByteWingDings
fontcharset.dialog.3=sun.awt.CharToByteSymbol

fontcharset.dialoginput.1=sun.io.CharToByteBig5
fontcharset.dialoginput.2=sun.awt.windows.CharToByteWingDings
fontcharset.dialoginput.3=sun.awt.CharToByteSymbol

fontcharset.serif.1=sun.io.CharToByteBig5
fontcharset.serif.2=sun.awt.windows.CharToByteWingDings
fontcharset.serif.3=sun.awt.CharToByteSymbol

fontcharset.sansserif.1=sun.io.CharToByteBig5
fontcharset.sansserif.2=sun.awt.windows.CharToByteWingDings
fontcharset.sansserif.3=sun.awt.CharToByteSymbol

fontcharset.monospaced.1=sun.io.CharToByteBig5
fontcharset.monospaced.2=sun.awt.windows.CharToByteWingDings
fontcharset.monospaced.3=sun.awt.CharToByteSymbol

# Exclusion Range info.
#
exclusion.dialog.0=0100-f8ff

exclusion.dialoginput.0=0100-f8ff

exclusion.serif.0=0100-f8ff

exclusion.sansserif.0=0100-f8ff

exclusion.monospaced.0=0100-f8ff

# charset for text input
#
inputtextcharset=CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET