A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
-XX:ThreadStackSize does not appear to apply to the primordial thread on Windows (only on subsequently started threads). The documentation should note this.

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
On Windows, this option only applies to threads started explicitly by java.lang.Thread.start(). It does not apply to the primordial thread.
ACTUAL -
Nothing.

URL OF FAULTY DOCUMENTATION :
http://java.sun.com/docs/hotspot/VMOptions.html