When trying to check from a thread whether a smartcard has been already
removed while a read/write operation is taking place in another thread
the following exception occurs:

   javax.smartcardio.CardException: wait mismatch
      at sun.security.smartcardio.TerminalImpl.waitForCard(TerminalImpl.java:103)
      at sun.security.smartcardio.TerminalImpl.waitForCardAbsent(TerminalImpl.java:120)
      at TerminalImplExample.run(TerminalImplExample.java:116)

This is an exception which should never happen, please see the source code
of waitForCard() in
/ws/j2se/src/share/classes/sun/security/smartcardio/TerminalImpl.java

            // should never happen
            if (wantPresent != present) {
                throw new CardException("wait mismatch");

Since it does happen, I'd consider this a bug. A test case is available.
See the attached zip file TerminalImplExample.zip. It requires a card reader.

The reason why the exception occured is that waitForCard() is not prepared to
handle other card state changes than SCARD_STATE_PRESENT = 0x0020;
With the test case we can see that for example 0x0122 occurs, which means
CHANGED PRESENT INUSE.