No implementation changes are needed. Only the javadoc needs to be clarified:

1) In AnnotatedElement, the interface-level javadoc should have these definitions:

- An annotation A is directly present on an element E if E has a RuntimeVisibleAnnotations or RuntimeVisibleParameterAnnotations or RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attribute, and the attribute contains A.

- An annotation A is indirectly present on an element E if E has a RuntimeVisibleAnnotations or RuntimeVisibleParameterAnnotations or RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations attribute, and A's type is repeatable, and the attribute contains exactly one annotation whose value element contains A and whose type is the containing annotation type of A's type (§9.6).

- An annotation A is present on an element E if either:
  - A is directly present on E; or
  - No annotation of A's type is directly present on E, and E is a class, and A's type is inheritable (§9.6.3.3), and A is present on the superclass of E.

- An annotation A is associated with an element E if either:
  - A is directly or indirectly present on E; or
  - No annotation of A's type is directly or indirectly present on E, and E is a class, and A's type is inheritable (§9.6.3.3), and A is associated with the superclass of E.

2) In AnnotatedElement#getDeclaredAnnotationsByType, the javadoc should be:

Returns the annotations which are directly or indirectly present on this element. The order of annotations which are directly or indirectly present on an element E is computed as if indirectly present annotations on E are directly present on E in place of their container annotation, in the order in which they appear in the value element of the container annotation.

@return: all this element's annotations for the specified annotation type if directly or indirectly present on this element, else an array of length zero.

3) In AnnotatedElement#getAnnotationsByType, the javadoc should be:

Returns the annotations which are associated with this element. The order of annotations which are directly or indirectly present on an element E is computed as if indirectly present annotations on E are directly present on E in place of their container annotation, in the order in which they appear in the value element of the container annotation.

@return: all this element's annotations for the specified annotation type if associated with this element, else an array of length zero.

4) In AnnotatedElement#getDeclaredAnnotation, the word "directly" is missing:

Returns this element's annotation for the specified type if such an annotation is directly present.

@return: this element's annotation for the specified annotation type if directly present on this element, else null.