FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_67"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_67-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.65-b04, mixed mode)

ADDITIONAL OS VERSION INFORMATION :
$ uname -a
Darwin dhcp246.sulake.com 13.4.0 Darwin Kernel Version 13.4.0: Sun Aug 17 19:50:11 PDT 2014; root:xnu-2422.115.4~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64

EXTRA RELEVANT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION :
$ ifconfig
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 16384
        options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM>
        inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
        inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
        inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
        nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
gif0: flags=8010<POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST> mtu 1280
stf0: flags=0<> mtu 1280
en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        options=10b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_HWTAGGING,AV>
        ether 0c:4d:e9:c3:55:59
        inet6 fe80::e4d:e9ff:fec3:5559%en0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x4
        inet 193.94.143.33 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 193.94.143.255
        nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
        media: autoselect (1000baseT <full-duplex>)
        status: active
en1: flags=8823<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        ether a8:8e:24:a4:7a:01
        nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
        media: autoselect (<unknown type>)
        status: inactive
fw0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 4078
        lladdr 28:0b:5c:ff:fe:1f:bc:c4
        nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
        media: autoselect <full-duplex>
        status: inactive
en2: flags=8963<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        options=60<TSO4,TSO6>
        ether 32:00:11:fb:cc:40
        media: autoselect <full-duplex>
        status: inactive
bridge0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        options=63<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,TSO4,TSO6>
        ether 0e:4d:e9:3c:0c:00
        Configuration:
                id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 hellotime 0 fwddelay 0
                maxage 0 holdcnt 0 proto stp maxaddr 100 timeout 1200
                root id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 ifcost 0 port 0
                ipfilter disabled flags 0x2
        member: en2 flags=3<LEARNING,DISCOVER>
                ifmaxaddr 0 port 7 priority 0 path cost 0
        nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
        media: <unknown type>
        status: inactive
p2p0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 2304
        ether 0a:8e:24:a4:7a:01
        media: autoselect
        status: inactive

$ cat /etc/hosts
##
# Host Database
#
# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface
# when the system is booting. Do not change this entry.
##
127.0.0.1 localhost
255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
::1 localhost
fe80::1%lo0 localhost


A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
When attempting to create a local server and connect to it on some dual stack systems the client fails to connect as it attempts to use the incorrect stack.

dhcp246:dual continuous-h4k$ javac -cp . DualStackBug.java
dhcp246:dual continuous-h4k$ java -cp . DualStackBug
Exception in thread "main" java.net.SocketException: Socket closed
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketAccept(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.accept(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:398)
        at java.net.ServerSocket.implAccept(ServerSocket.java:530)
        at java.net.ServerSocket.accept(ServerSocket.java:498)
        at DualStackBug$1.run(DualStackBug.java:22)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:339)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:198)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:182)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:579)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:528)
        at DualStackBug.<init>(DualStackBug.java:34)
        at DualStackBug.main(DualStackBug.java:46)


ADDITIONAL REGRESSION INFORMATION:
$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_67"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_67-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.65-b04, mixed mode)

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Run the attached test case on OSX.

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
When creating a socket with an ephemeral port on localhost using java.net.ServerSocket#getLocalSocketAddress to connect should work on all systems.
ACTUAL -
Attempting to connect using java.net.ServerSocket#getLocalSocketAddress results with java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused.

ERROR MESSAGES/STACK TRACES THAT OCCUR :
Exception in thread "main" java.net.SocketException: Socket closed
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketAccept(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.accept(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:398)
        at java.net.ServerSocket.implAccept(ServerSocket.java:530)
        at java.net.ServerSocket.accept(ServerSocket.java:498)
        at DualStackBug$1.run(DualStackBug.java:22)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:339)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:198)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:182)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:579)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:528)
        at DualStackBug.<init>(DualStackBug.java:34)
        at DualStackBug.main(DualStackBug.java:46)


REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @author Johno Crawford (johno@sulake.com)
 */
public class DualStackBug {

    public DualStackBug() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        final ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(0);
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Socket connectionSocket = serverSocket.accept();
                    BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connectionSocket.getInputStream()));
                    System.out.println("Received: " + bufferedReader.readLine());
                    latch.countDown();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

        try {
            Socket clientSocket = new Socket();
            clientSocket.connect(serverSocket.getLocalSocketAddress());
            DataOutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
            outputStream.writeBytes("huuhaa");
            clientSocket.close();

            latch.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        } finally {
            serverSocket.close();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        new DualStackBug();
    }
}
---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
Explicitly set the bind host address to "127.0.0.1" instead of null (InetAddress.anyLocalAddress()).