Columns that have been added while there is no rows remain blank after adding rows.
Manual resizing cause the column to show its content.

Test code:
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 
public class NewFXMain extends Application {
 
    private int rows = 0;
    private int cols = 0;
 
    public class TestDataClass {
 
        private final StringProperty testValue;
 
        public TestDataClass() {
            testValue = new SimpleStringProperty("value");
        }
 
        public TestDataClass(String s) {
            testValue = new SimpleStringProperty(s);
        }
 
        public String getTestValue() {
            return testValue.get();
        }
 
        public void setTestValue(String value) {
            testValue.set(value);
        }
 
        public StringProperty testValueProperty() {
            return testValue;
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        ObservableList<TestDataClass> list = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            list.add(new TestDataClass("val " + rows++));
        }
        TableView table = new TableView(list);
 
        TableColumn<TestDataClass, String> tableColumn = new TableColumn<>();
        tableColumn.setCellValueFactory(new PropertyValueFactory<>("testValue"));
        tableColumn.setText("col " + cols++);
        table.getColumns().add(tableColumn);
 
        Button rAdd = new Button("add");
        rAdd.setOnAction((evt) -> {
            list.add(new TestDataClass("val " + rows++));
        });
 
        Button rDel = new Button("remove");
        rDel.setOnAction((evt) -> {
            if (!list.isEmpty()) {
                rows--;
                int size = list.size();
                list.remove(size - 1);
            }
        });
 
        Button cAdd = new Button("add");
        cAdd.setOnAction((evt) -> {
            TableColumn<TestDataClass, String> col = new TableColumn<>();
            col.setCellValueFactory(new PropertyValueFactory<>("testValue"));
            col.setText("col " + cols++);
            table.getColumns().add(col);
        });
 
        Button cDel = new Button("remove");
        cDel.setOnAction((evt) -> {
            ObservableList columns = table.getColumns();
            if (!columns.isEmpty()) {
                cols--;
                int size = columns.size();
                columns.remove(size - 1);
            }
        });
       
        GridPane grid = new GridPane();
        grid.setVgap(3);
        grid.setHgap(3);
        grid.addRow(0, new Label("row:"), rAdd, rDel);
        grid.addRow(1, new Label("col:"), cAdd, cDel);
 
        VBox root = new VBox(table, grid);
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 300, 250);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World!");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
 
}


Steps to reproduce:
1) remove all rows
2) add a column
3) try to add some rows
Column created on step 2 wont show its content, until you resize it manually.

Example with screenshots:
actions:
 remove all rows
 add a column
 add a row
 add a column
 remove row
 add a column
 add some rows

result:
http://i.imgur.com/3U6YuxB.png

after resizing bugged rows:
http://i.imgur.com/Rvl2WR1.png

works fine with 8u5 but bugged for me with 8u20