An issue since fix for JDK-8081297 - seen in this testcase :

sun/security/ssl/com/sun/net/ssl/internal/ssl/ClientHandshaker/RSAExport.java

The exception message shows as :
"javax.net.ssl.SSLProtocolException: Unable to process PreMasterSecret, may be too big"

but the main exception is swallowed by security code. Some instrumenting shows this :

** needFailover is : false
** DEBUG java.security.InvalidKeyException: RSAPrivateCrtKey required for decryption
java.security.InvalidKeyException: RSAPrivateCrtKey required for decryption
        at com.oracle.security.ucrypto.NativeRSACipher.engineInit(NativeRSACipher.java:209)
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1394)
        at sun.security.ssl.RSAClientKeyExchange.<init>(RSAClientKeyExchange.java:133)
        at sun.security.ssl.ServerHandshaker.processMessage(ServerHandshaker.java:241)
        at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:983)
        at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processRecord(Handshaker.java:917)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.processInputRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1101)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1038)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:949)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1356)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.bytesInCompletePacket(SSLSocketImpl.java:883)
        at sun.security.ssl.AppInputStream.read(AppInputStream.java:144)
        at sun.security.ssl.AppInputStream.read(AppInputStream.java:84)
        at RSAExport.doServerSide(RSAExport.java:359)