FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
java version "1.8.0_74"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_74-b02)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.74-b02, mixed mode)

ADDITIONAL OS VERSION INFORMATION :
Microsoft Windows [version 6.1.7601]

A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
Test 1:
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(java.io.File file).
Try to delete the file whith java.io.File.delete(file), it does not work.

Test 2:
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(java.io.File file).
Set the DocumentBuilder you used to null
Set the resulting Document to null
Call System.gc()
delete the file whith java.io.File.delete(file), it works

Test 3
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(InputStream inputStream).
Close the file with inputStream.close(), it works

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Test 1:
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(java.io.File file).
Try to delete the file whith java.io.File.delete(file), it does not work.

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
File deleted and File.delete() returns true.
ACTUAL -
File not deleted and File.delete() returns false.

ERROR MESSAGES/STACK TRACES THAT OCCUR :
[Fatal Error] error00.xml:2:2: Le balisage du document précédant l'élément racine doit avoir un format correct.
Parsing D:\Temp\error00.xml failed as expected.
We could not delete D:\Temp\error00.xml
Scenario 1: KO
[Fatal Error] error01.xml:2:2: Le balisage du document précédant l'élément racine doit avoir un format correct.
Parsing D:\Temp\error01.xml failed as expected.
We could delete D:\Temp\error01.xml
Scenario 2: OK
[Fatal Error] :2:2: Le balisage du document précédant l'élément racine doit avoir un format correct.
Parsing D:\Temp\error02.xml failed as expected.
We could delete D:\Temp\error02.xml
Scenario 3: OK


REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class Parser {
  private static final String FILE_SCENARIO_1 = "D:\\Temp\\error00.xml";
  private static final String FILE_SCENARIO_2 = "D:\\Temp\\error01.xml";
  private static final String FILE_SCENARIO_3 = "D:\\Temp\\error02.xml";

  private static final String NEWLINE = System.getProperty("line.separator");

  private static final String[] ERRONEOUS_XML = {
    "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>",
    "</Document>"
  };

  private Parser() {
    super();
  }

  private static boolean writeErrFile(File file) {
    OutputStream outputStream = null;
    try {
      outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not open file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    try {
      for (String str : ERRONEOUS_XML) {
        str = str.concat(NEWLINE);
        outputStream.write(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      try {
        outputStream.close();
      } catch (IOException f) {
        f.addSuppressed(e);
        System.out.println("Could not write and close file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
        f.printStackTrace();
        return false;
      }

      System.out.println("Could not write file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }
  
    try {
      outputStream.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not close file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }
  
    return true;
  }

  private static boolean parse1(File file) {
    DocumentBuilder db = null;
    
try {
db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not create document builder.");
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    try {
      db.parse(file);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not read file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    } catch (SAXException e) {
      System.out.println("Parsing " + file.getAbsolutePath() + " failed as expected.");
      return true;
    }

    System.out.println("We did not get the expected error while reading " + file.getAbsolutePath());
    return false;
  }

  private static boolean parse2(File file) {
    DocumentBuilder db = null;
    
try {
db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not create document builder.");
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    try {
      db.parse(file);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not read file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    } catch (SAXException e) {
      System.out.println("Parsing " + file.getAbsolutePath() + " failed as expected.");
      db = null;
      System.gc();
      return true;
    }

    System.out.println("We did not get the expected error while reading " + file.getAbsolutePath());
    return false;
  }

  private static boolean parse3(File file) {
    DocumentBuilder db = null;
    InputStream inputStream = null;
    
try {
db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not create document builder.");
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    try {
      inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could open file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    try {
      db.parse(inputStream);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      try {
        inputStream.close();
      } catch (IOException f) {
        f.addSuppressed(e);
        System.out.println("Could not read and close file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
        f.printStackTrace();
        return false;
      }

      System.out.println("Could not read file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    } catch (SAXException e) {
      try {
        inputStream.close();
      } catch (IOException f) {
        f.addSuppressed(e);
        System.out.println("Could not parse and close file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
        f.printStackTrace();
        return false;
      }

      System.out.println("Parsing " + file.getAbsolutePath() + " failed as expected.");
      return true;
    }

    try {
      inputStream.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Could not close file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

    System.out.println("We did not get the expected error while reading " + file.getAbsolutePath());
    return false;
  }

  private static boolean delete(File file) {
    if (file.delete()) {
      System.out.println("We could delete " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      return true;
    } else {
      System.out.println("We could not delete " + file.getAbsolutePath());
      return false;
    }
  }

  private static void scenario1() {
    File file = new File(FILE_SCENARIO_1);

    if (writeErrFile(file) && parse1(file) && delete(file)) {
      System.out.println("Scenario 1: OK");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Scenario 1: KO");
    }
  }

  private static void scenario2() {
    File file = new File(FILE_SCENARIO_2);

    if (writeErrFile(file) && parse2(file) && delete(file)) {
      System.out.println("Scenario 2: OK");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Scenario 2: KO");
    }
  }

  private static void scenario3() {
    File file = new File(FILE_SCENARIO_3);

    if (writeErrFile(file) && parse3(file) && delete(file)) {
      System.out.println("Scenario 3: OK");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Scenario 3: KO");
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    scenario1();
    scenario2();
    scenario3();
  }

}

---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
Test 2:
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(java.io.File file).
Set the DocumentBuilder you used to null
Set the resulting Document to null
Call System.gc()
delete the file whith java.io.File.delete(file), it works

Test 3
Parse an erroneous xml file with javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(InputStream inputStream).
Close the file with inputStream.close(), it works