FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_121"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_121-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed mode)


FULL OS VERSION :
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 10 23:08:37 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
The attached testcase fails when run in compiled mode on 32 bit Intel Linux.

It does NOT fail in interpreted mode (-Xint) or in compiled mode with a 64 bit VM.

It does NOT fail on 32 bit Intel Windows.

The testcase has taken significant effort to extract. We have a COBOL product (NTT DATA Enterprise COBOL, formerly Dell Enterprise COBOL) that translates COBOL to Java for execution and the problem originates from a customer COBOL program.

The slightly unusual coding patterns reflect our implementation of COBOL "unsigned usage display" numerics, in which a decimal number is represented in memory using ASCII digits, i.e that characters '0', '1', ... (This also necessitates our use of 'Unsafe')

THE PROBLEM WAS REPRODUCIBLE WITH -Xint FLAG: No

THE PROBLEM WAS REPRODUCIBLE WITH -server FLAG: Yes

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Compile the code:

$ javac Sim.java Chunk.java

Execute 'Sim'

$ java Sim



EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
$ java Sim

Output is as follows:

main() >
[0000000000]
[0000000001]
[0000000002]
[0000000003]
[0000000004]
[0000000005]
[0000000006]
[0000000007]
[0000000008]
[0000000009]
...
[0000110638]
[0000110639]
[0000110640]
[0000110641]
[0000000000]
[0000000000]
[0000000000]
...
[0000000000]
[0000000000]
[0000000000]
main() <

The output should just be an increasing integer, as can be seen by using -Xint:

java -Xint Sim:

main() >
[0000000000]
[0000000001]
[0000000002]
[0000000003]
[0000000004]
[0000000005]
[0000000006]
[0000000007]
[0000000008]
[0000000009]
...
[0000198760]
[0000198761]
[0000198762]
[0000198763]
[0000198764]
main() <

The exact point in the failing case where the error occurs (output turns to zero) seems to vary, and I assume corresponds to when HotSpot compilation occurs

REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
Sim.java:


public class Sim {
   private final Chunk c_A1;
   private final Chunk c_A2;
   private final Chunk c_R;

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      System.out.println("main() >");

      Sim s = new Sim();
      s.go();

      System.out.println("main() <");
   }

   public Sim() {
      Chunk r_0 = new Chunk(64);
      c_A1 = r_0.slice(0, 11);
      c_A2 = r_0.slice(11, 11);
      c_R = r_0.slice(22, 19);
   }

   private void go() {
      c_A1.fillSmall(0, 11, (byte)0x30);
      for (long i = 0; i < 198765L; i++) {
         c_A2.put_Long_DU(0, 11, i );
         c_R.fillSmall(9, 10, (byte)0x30);
         c_R.put_Long_DU(9, 10, c_R.get_DU_Long(9, 10) + c_A2.get_DU_Long(0, 11));
         c_R.put_Long_DU(9, 10, c_R.get_DU_Long(9, 10) + c_A1.get_DU_Long(0, 11));

         printR();
      }
   }

   private void printR() {
      final byte[] ba = c_R.getAsByteArray(9, 10);
      final String s = new String(ba);
      System.out.println("[" + s + "]");
   }
}



Chunk.java:


import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import sun.misc.Unsafe;

public class Chunk {

   private static final Unsafe UNSAFE;

   private final long baseAddress;
   private final int length;

    static {
       Unsafe u = null;
       try {
          final Class<Unsafe> uc = Unsafe.class;
          final Field field = uc.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
          field.setAccessible(true);
          u = (Unsafe) field.get(uc);
       } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException | RuntimeException ex) {
          ex.printStackTrace();
       }
       UNSAFE = u;
    }

   public Chunk(int length) {
      baseAddress = UNSAFE.allocateMemory(length);
      this.length = length;
   }

   public final long getBaseAddress() {
      return baseAddress;
   }

   public final int getLength() {
      return length;
   }

   protected Chunk(Chunk oc, int op, int ol) {
      baseAddress = oc.getBaseAddress() + op;

      if (oc.getLength() == -1) {
         length = -1;
      } else {
         length = Math.min(ol, oc.getLength() - op);
      }
   }

   public Chunk slice(int p, int l) {
      Chunk o = new Chunk(this, p, l);
      return o;
   }

   public final void fillSmall(int tp, int tl, byte b) {
      long p = baseAddress + tp;
      for (int i = 0; i < tl; i++) {
         UNSAFE.putByte(p++, b);
      }
   }

   public void put_Long_DU(int p, int d, long v) {

      long a = baseAddress + p;

      for (int i = d - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
         long b = (v % 10) + 0x30;
         UNSAFE.putByte(a + i, (byte) b);
         v /= 10;
      }
   }

   public long get_DU_Long(int p, int l) {
      long a = baseAddress + p;

      long ret = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
         final int b = UNSAFE.getByte(a++);
         ret *= 10;
         ret += b & 0x0f;
      }

      return ret;
   }

   public byte[] getAsByteArray(int p, int l) {
      byte[] ret = new byte[l];
      long a = baseAddress + p;
      for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
         ret[i] = UNSAFE.getByte(a++);
      }
      return ret;
   }

}






---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
End customer has had to change their original COBOL program to avoid generating the pattern that causes this issue. They have had to do this in multiple programs.