In the "Standard Algorithm Names", we have "TLSv1.2" SSLContext algorithm as:

    TLSv1.2 Supports RFC 5246: TLS version 1.2 ;
            may support other versions

In the "Oracle Providers" documentation, we list the supported algorithms of SSLContext:
    SSLContext: SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2

<The DTLS algorithms are missed in the doc I viewed right now>

I think we can the supported SSL/TLS protocol versions for each SSLContext algorithm in the "Oracle Providers" documentation. For example:
                         | SSL/TLS protocol version
    SSLContext +-------------------------------------------------
    Algorhtm | SSLv2Hello | SSLv3 | TLSv1 | TLSv1.1 | TLSv1.2
    ----------------+-------------+-------+-------+---------+--------+
    SSLv3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
    server mode | | | | |
    ----------------+-------------+-------+-------+---------+--------+
    SSLv3 | No | Yes | Yes | No | No
    client mode | | | | |
    ---------------+-------------+-------+-------+---------+--------+
    ...
    Note: The FIPS mode does not support SSL protocol versions of
          SSLv2Hello, SSLv3.
    Note: Weak SSL protocol versions may be restricted (See
          algorithm constraints documentation).