FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
openjdk version "9"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 9+181)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 9+181, mixed mode)

Also present in other versions I tested with (Oracle 7 and 8, OpenJDK 8).

ADDITIONAL OS VERSION INFORMATION :
Linux 4.10.0-35-generic #39-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 13 07:46:59 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
I fuzzed JPEG loading with javax.imageio.ImageIO using the AFL-based fuzzing tool Kelinci (https://github.com/isstac/kelinci). It found an input on which ImageIO.read() throws an IndexOutOfBoundsException. Per the specification, it should throw an IOException instead for faulty JPEGs.

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Run the attached test case on the faulty JPEG image generated by Kelinci. Unfortunately I cannot attach the JPEG here, please get in touch and I'll send it.

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
ImageIO.read() throws an IIOException, which is then caught by an application using the library.
ACTUAL -
ImageIO.read() throws an IndexOutOfBoundsException, crashing the thread it was called from.

ERROR MESSAGES/STACK TRACES THAT OCCUR :
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index -1 out-of-bounds for length 0
at java.base/jdk.internal.util.Preconditions.outOfBounds(Preconditions.java:64)
at java.base/jdk.internal.util.Preconditions.outOfBoundsCheckIndex(Preconditions.java:70)
at java.base/jdk.internal.util.Preconditions.checkIndex(Preconditions.java:248)
at java.base/java.util.Objects.checkIndex(Objects.java:372)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.get(ArrayList.java:439)
at java.desktop/com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.checkTablesOnly(JPEGImageReader.java:378)
at java.desktop/com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.gotoImage(JPEGImageReader.java:493)
at java.desktop/com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.readHeader(JPEGImageReader.java:716)
at java.desktop/com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.readInternal(JPEGImageReader.java:1173)
at java.desktop/com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.read(JPEGImageReader.java:1153)
at java.desktop/javax.imageio.ImageIO.read(ImageIO.java:1468)
at java.desktop/javax.imageio.ImageIO.read(ImageIO.java:1315)
at DriverKelinci.main(DriverKelinci.java:18)

REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class DriverKelinci
{
  public static void main(final String[] args) {

    if (args.length != 1) {
      System.err.println("Expects file name as parameter");
      return;
    }

    try {
      File imageFile = new File(args[0]);
      BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(imageFile);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

    System.out.println("Done.");
  }
}

---------- END SOURCE ----------