FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
java version "1.8.0_112"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_112-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.112-b16, mixed mode)

ADDITIONAL OS VERSION INFORMATION :
Darwin retina 16.7.0 Darwin Kernel Version 16.7.0: Wed Oct 4 00:17:00 PDT 2017; root:xnu-3789.71.6~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64 i386 MacBookPro10,1 Darwin


A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
The XMLStreamWriter API is throwing XMLStreamException in a situation where AFAICT it should not.

In this case, we've invoked

XMLOutputFactory.setProperty(XMLOutputFactory.IS_REPAIRING_NAMESPACES, true);

According to the Javadoc, this means that namespaces should be "repaired", i.e., XML namespace prefixes automatically generated.

Moreover, in this case:
(a) the output is going to a DOM, so namespace prefixes are entirely irrelevant
(b) the namespace being used is empty string


STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Compile and execute the attached test case.

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
No exception; program exits normally.

ACTUAL -
Exception in thread "main" javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException: Namespace URI is not bound to any prefix
at com.sun.xml.internal.stream.writers.XMLDOMWriterImpl.writeStartElement(XMLDOMWriterImpl.java:652)
at xx.main(xx.java:21)


REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
import javax.xml.namespace.*;
import javax.xml.stream.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;

public class xx {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // Create new XML DOM document
        final Document doc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();

        // Create XMLStreamWriter
        final XMLOutputFactory factory = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance();
        factory.setProperty(XMLOutputFactory.IS_REPAIRING_NAMESPACES, true);
        final XMLStreamWriter writer = factory.createXMLStreamWriter(new DOMResult(doc));

        // Write <foo> element
        final QName foo = new QName("foo");
        writer.writeStartElement(foo.getNamespaceURI(), foo.getLocalPart());
    }
}

---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
Add this line after creating 'writer':

   writer.setPrefix("xxx", "");