If ClassValueMap.removeEntry gets something like OutOfMemoryError here:

                // In an initialized state. Bump forward, and de-initialize.
                classValue.bumpVersion();

then the ClassValue is permanently broken. Future calls to remove() will do nothing, and computeValue will never be called again. Instead, the value will be supplied from the cache.

% cat CV.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CV {

    static int version = 0;
    static final ClassValue<String> resolvedJavaType = new ClassValue<>() {
      @Override
      protected String computeValue(Class<?> type) {
        return type.getName() + (++version);
      }
    };

    static void eatMemory(List<Object> list) {
        int size = 1000000;
        while (true) {
            try {
                list.add(new Object[size]);
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {
                size /= 2;
                if (size == 0) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
var v1 = resolvedJavaType.get(CV.class);
List<Object> storage = new ArrayList<Object>();
boolean done = false;
while (!done) {
eatMemory(storage);
try {
resolvedJavaType.remove(CV.class);
} catch (Throwable t) {
done = true;
storage = null;
}
}
resolvedJavaType.remove(CV.class);
var v2 = resolvedJavaType.get(CV.class);
System.err.println("v1 " + v1);
System.err.println("v2 " + v2);
System.err.println("max version " + version);
if (version != 2 || v1 == v2) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed");
}
    }
}

% javac CV.java
% java -Xmx64m CV
v1 CV1
v2 CV1
max version 1
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed
at CV.main(CV.java:47)