This happens even after JDK-8229499 is fixed, although at much lower frequency. The particular test was generated by fuzzing, and fails with node budget asserts semi-reliably. See attached 0007.tar.gz for the reproducer and sample hs_errs.

$ for I in `seq 1 10`; do ~/trunks/jdk-jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/images/jdk/bin/java Test; done

# Internal Error (/home/shade/trunks/jdk-jdk/src/hotspot/share/opto/loopnode.hpp:1413), pid=32568, tid=32579
# assert(C->live_nodes() - live_at_begin <= 2 * _nodes_required) failed: Bad node estimate: actual = 449 >> request = 153
#
# JRE version: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (14.0) (fastdebug build 14-internal+0-adhoc.shade.jdk-jdk)
# Java VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (fastdebug 14-internal+0-adhoc.shade.jdk-jdk, mixed mode, sharing, tiered, compressed oops, g1 gc, linux-amd64)
# Problematic frame:
# V [libjvm.so+0x11ed2ea] AutoNodeBudget::~AutoNodeBudget()+0x1ba
#
# Core dump will be written. Default location: Core dumps may be processed with "/usr/share/apport/apport %p %s %c %d %P" (or dumping to /home/shade/trunks/JavaFuzzer/tests/0007/core.32568)

--------------- T H R E A D ---------------

Current thread (0x00007fc42c592000): JavaThread "C2 CompilerThread0" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=32579, stack(0x00007fc3cc027000,0x00007fc3cc128000)]


Current CompileTask:
C2: 137 64 % ! 4 Test::fMeth @ 60 (429 bytes)

Stack: [0x00007fc3cc027000,0x00007fc3cc128000], sp=0x00007fc3cc122200, free space=1004k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, A=aot compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [libjvm.so+0x11ed2ea] AutoNodeBudget::~AutoNodeBudget()+0x1ba
V [libjvm.so+0x11e9d75] IdealLoopTree::iteration_split_impl(PhaseIdealLoop*, Node_List&)+0x175
V [libjvm.so+0x11ea588] IdealLoopTree::iteration_split(PhaseIdealLoop*, Node_List&)+0x2d8
V [libjvm.so+0x11ea3fd] IdealLoopTree::iteration_split(PhaseIdealLoop*, Node_List&)+0x14d
V [libjvm.so+0x11ea3fd] IdealLoopTree::iteration_split(PhaseIdealLoop*, Node_List&)+0x14d
V [libjvm.so+0x120e0e6] PhaseIdealLoop::build_and_optimize(LoopOptsMode)+0xbf6
V [libjvm.so+0x9c94d1] PhaseIdealLoop::optimize(PhaseIterGVN&, LoopOptsMode)+0x2c1
V [libjvm.so+0x9c6388] Compile::Optimize()+0x9d8
V [libjvm.so+0x9c7bf5] Compile::Compile(ciEnv*, C2Compiler*, ciMethod*, int, bool, bool, bool, DirectiveSet*)+0x1205
V [libjvm.so+0x812a4d] C2Compiler::compile_method(ciEnv*, ciMethod*, int, DirectiveSet*)+0x10d
V [libjvm.so+0x9d3d97] CompileBroker::invoke_compiler_on_method(CompileTask*)+0x397
V [libjvm.so+0x9d4f18] CompileBroker::compiler_thread_loop()+0x4f8
V [libjvm.so+0x1833e6a] JavaThread::thread_main_inner()+0x26a
V [libjvm.so+0x183bc3b] JavaThread::run()+0x25b
V [libjvm.so+0x18393d6] Thread::call_run()+0xf6
V [libjvm.so+0x143776e] thread_native_entry(Thread*)+0x10e