To reproduce:
-create a temporary source directory ($DIR)
-copy java/lang/Byte.java, java/lang/Class.java, java/lang/String.java into $DIR
-run:
javac --patch-module java.base=$DIR -d <a-temporary-output-directory> $DIR/java/lang/Class.java

This yields:
---
<skip>
java/lang/Byte.java:56: error: cyclic inheritance involving Object
public final class Byte extends Number implements Comparable<Byte>, Constable {
                                ^
1 error
---