When running on a large file system:

$ ./jre1.8.0_331/bin/java -version
Error: missing `server' JVM at `/scratch/iklam/re/jre1.8.0_331/lib/i386/server/libjvm.so'.
Please install or use the JRE or JDK that contains these missing components.
$ df .
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb 4292880368 1561098452 2731781916 37% /scratch
$ uname -a
Linux hotspot-oraclelinux-04 4.14.35-1902.2.0.el7uek.x86_64 #2 SMP Fri Jun 14 21:15:44 PDT 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

But it works when the JDK is copied to a small file system

$ cd /tmp
$ df .
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 40223552 19385688 20837864 49% /
$ ./jre1.8.0_331/bin/java -version
java version "1.8.0_331-ea"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_331-ea-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 25.331-b03, mixed mode)

======================================
Analysis:

The same problem exists for JDK 8 ~ latest. The problem is here:

https://github.com/iklam/jdk/blame/63009f90ec7df053c936226663b463b8584364a9/src/java.base/unix/native/libjli/java_md.c#L481

    if (stat(jvmpath, &s) == 0) {
        JLI_TraceLauncher("yes.\n");
        return JNI_TRUE;
    } else {
        JLI_TraceLauncher("no.\n");
        return JNI_FALSE;
    }


On 32-bit builds, we have

struct stat {
unsigned long st_dev; /* Device. */
unsigned long st_ino; /* File serial number. */

On a large file system where st_ino exceeds 32-bit, stat() in a 32-bit build returns -1 with error code EOVERFLOW.

=============================================
Suggested fix:

Calls to stat() should be changed to stat64()

(The above example is in libjli, but we have many calls to stat() in various parts of the JDK).