ADDITIONAL SYSTEM INFORMATION :
I am able to reproduce with jdk 11 and 19.

A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
According to the documentation[0] a value of 0 for jdk.xml.maxXMLNameLimit should disable the limit. Instead, it is interpreted as a limit of 0 for namespace names, resulting in failure to parse XML that contains "xmlns" attributes (attached example).

Note that the value of 0 is handled according to the documentation for other names, such as element or attribute names. I think the problem comes from this code[1] not handling values <=0 as special.

[0] https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jaxp/limits/limits.html
[1] https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/blob/master/src/java.xml/share/classes/com/sun/org/apache/xerces/internal/impl/XML11NSDocumentScannerImpl.java#L640

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
1. Set jdk.xml.maxXMLNameLimit=0 via a system property
2. Create an XML stream reader using XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader()
3. Try to parse an element which includes "xmlns", such as "<foo xmlns='bar'/>"

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
Parsing is successful
ACTUAL -
Parsing fails with:
Message: JAXP00010005: The length of entity "bar" is "3" that exceeds the "0" limit set by "system property".
at java.xml/com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLStreamReaderImpl.next(XMLStreamReaderImpl.java:652)
at Test.parse(Test.java:23)
at Test.main(Test.java:14)

---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
import javax.xml.stream.*;
import java.io.*;

class Test
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws Exception
    {
        String xml = "<foo xmlns='bar'/>";

        parse(xml); // Succeeds

        System.setProperty("jdk.xml.maxXMLNameLimit", "0");
        parse(xml); // Fails
    }

    private static void parse(String xml)
        throws Exception
    {
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes());
        XMLStreamReader reader = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(is);
        while (reader.hasNext())
            reader.next();
        System.err.println("Parsed successfully");
    }
}

---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
Set maxXMLNameLimit to a large value instead