Strip currently has its flags set by guessing based on the target OS, it would be more appropriate to instead set them based on properly checking the strip binary instead.

Examples of version strings obtained from the command line that can be used to extract information about the exact strip utility used:
Windows: GNU strip (GNU Binutils) 2.39
Linux: GNU strip (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.38
llvm-strip, compatible with GNU strip