The change in JDK-8306582 revealed that the state of the resolved references array is not checked in the CDS archive.

If we want to add a test case, I would suggest adding a WhiteBox method like:

public native Object[] getResolvedReferences(Class<?> c);

This would return the resolved_references array for this class.

The test class would look like this:

class TestApp {
    static String foo = "fooString";
    static String bar = "barString";

    public void main(String args[]) {
        Object[] resolvedReferences = wb.getResolvedReferences(TestApp.class);

        ... resolvedReferences must be non null for classes in the static archive
        ... the test needs to have @requires vm.cds.write.archived.java.heap

        bool foundFoo = false;
        bool foundBar = false;
        for (Object o : resolvedReferences) {
            foundFoo |= (o == foo);
            foundBar |= (o == bar);
        }

        ... foo and bar must have been found
        ... CDS resolves all of the string literals used by the TestApp and stores
        ... them inside the resolvedReferences array.
}

The new test can live under test/hotspot/jtreg/runtime/cds/appcds/sharedStrings