C2 fails with fatal error: no reachable node should have no use

The following test failed in the JDK23 CI:

applications/dacapo/Dacapo.java

Here's a snippet from the log file:

[2024-01-04T14:45:38.394735963Z] Gathering output for process 7202
[2024-01-04T14:45:44.581325464Z] Waiting for completion for process 7202
[2024-01-04T14:45:44.581655825Z] Waiting for completion finished for process 7202
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] # A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] # Internal Error (/opt/mach5/mesos/work_dir/slaves/0db9c48f-6638-40d0-9a4b-bd9cc7533eb8-S9806/frameworks/1735e8a2-a1db-478c-8104-60c8b0af87dd-0196/executors/77ddf712-bff4-4077-8e21-591f23bec40b/runs/975ff2e6-751b-4411-b0b1-8d5f7913ad78/workspace/open/src/hotspot/share/opto/compile.cpp:2514), pid=1460, tid=7214
[stress.process.out] # fatal error: no reachable node should have no use
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] # JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (23.0+4) (fastdebug build 23-ea+4-188)
[stress.process.out] # Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (fastdebug 23-ea+4-188, mixed mode, sharing, tiered, compressed oops, compressed class ptrs, g1 gc, linux-aarch64)
[stress.process.out] # Problematic frame:
[stress.process.out] # V [libjvm.so+0x8d19f8] Compile::check_no_dead_use() const+0x448
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] # Core dump will be written. Default location: Core dumps may be processed with "/opt/core.sh %p" (or dumping to /opt/mach5/mesos/work_dir/slaves/6a6709c5-8dd0-4c1a-8549-7a448290c389-S4096/frameworks/1735e8a2-a1db-478c-8104-60c8b0af87dd-0196/executors/5e7720b8-27df-4772-8b7e-b9b9192ff72e/runs/23eb4851-4150-483e-bf7a-0687e7263dd7/testoutput/test-support/jtreg_closed_test_hotspot_jtreg_applications_dacapo_Dacapo_java/scratch/0/core.1460)
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] # JFR recording file will be written. Location: /opt/mach5/mesos/work_dir/slaves/6a6709c5-8dd0-4c1a-8549-7a448290c389-S4096/frameworks/1735e8a2-a1db-478c-8104-60c8b0af87dd-0196/executors/5e7720b8-27df-4772-8b7e-b9b9192ff72e/runs/23eb4851-4150-483e-bf7a-0687e7263dd7/testoutput/test-support/jtreg_closed_test_hotspot_jtreg_applications_dacapo_Dacapo_java/scratch/0/hs_err_pid1460.jfr
[stress.process.out] #
[stress.process.out] Unsupported internal testing APIs have been used.
[stress.process.out]
[stress.process.out] # An error report file with more information is saved as:
[stress.process.out] # /opt/mach5/mesos/work_dir/slaves/6a6709c5-8dd0-4c1a-8549-7a448290c389-S4096/frameworks/1735e8a2-a1db-478c-8104-60c8b0af87dd-0196/executors/5e7720b8-27df-4772-8b7e-b9b9192ff72e/runs/23eb4851-4150-483e-bf7a-0687e7263dd7/testoutput/test-support/jtreg_closed_test_hotspot_jtreg_applications_dacapo_Dacapo_java/scratch/0/hs_err_pid1460.log
[stress.process.out] [thread 7075 also had an error]
[2024-01-04T14:46:44.585474645Z] Gathering output for process 7329
[2024-01-04T14:46:44.593729153Z] Waiting for completion for process 7329
[2024-01-04T14:46:44.593819193Z] Waiting for completion finished for process 7329

Here's the crashing thread's stack:

--------------- T H R E A D ---------------

Current thread (0x0000fffaa4de1e50): JavaThread "C2 CompilerThread2" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=7214, stack(0x0000fffaba960000,0x0000fffabab60000) (2048K)]


Current CompileTask:
C2:1630518 131624 4 org.jaxen.expr.DefaultEqualityExpr::evaluate (241 bytes)

Stack: [0x0000fffaba960000,0x0000fffabab60000], sp=0x0000fffabab5ad20, free space=2027k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [libjvm.so+0x8d19f8] Compile::check_no_dead_use() const+0x448 (compile.cpp:2514)
V [libjvm.so+0x8e3ac0] Compile::Optimize()+0xab0 (compile.cpp:2482)
V [libjvm.so+0x8e6634] Compile::Compile(ciEnv*, ciMethod*, int, Options, DirectiveSet*)+0x14b4 (compile.cpp:857)
V [libjvm.so+0x73b000] C2Compiler::compile_method(ciEnv*, ciMethod*, int, bool, DirectiveSet*)+0x17c (c2compiler.cpp:134)
V [libjvm.so+0x8f1ef4] CompileBroker::invoke_compiler_on_method(CompileTask*)+0x7e0 (compileBroker.cpp:2299)
V [libjvm.so+0x8f2adc] CompileBroker::compiler_thread_loop()+0x598 (compileBroker.cpp:1958)
V [libjvm.so+0xd73ddc] JavaThread::thread_main_inner()+0xcc (javaThread.cpp:721)
V [libjvm.so+0x15acb10] Thread::call_run()+0xac (thread.cpp:220)
V [libjvm.so+0x132020c] thread_native_entry(Thread*)+0x12c (os_linux.cpp:789)
C [libpthread.so.0+0x7ddc] start_thread+0xb4