After switching to JEP 401 model, calls to the substitutability test code can enter an infinite recursion ending with the throwing of a java.lang.StackOverflowError.

Reproducing the issue to have changes from both https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8317277 and https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8326595.

One possible cause to this issue could the change to class flags in the new class file format, leading to the Java code to not identify correctly value classes.