$ cat PDTest.java
class PDTest {
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
        if (args.length > 0) {
            System.out.println(PDTest.class.getProtectionDomain());
        }
    }
}
$ javac PDTest.java
$ jar cvf PDTest.jar PDTest.class

$ rm -fv PD.cds
$ java -XX:CacheDataStore=PD.cds -cp PDTest.jar PDTest
[... archive is dumped ...]
$ java -XX:CacheDataStore=PD.cds -cp PDTest.jar PDTest
... no errors ...
$ java -XX:CacheDataStore=PD.cds -cp PDTest.jar PDTest 1
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.BootstrapMethodError: bootstrap method initialization exception
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.BootstrapMethodInvoker.invoke(BootstrapMethodInvoker.java:191)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.CallSite.makeSite(CallSite.java:316)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.linkCallSiteImpl(MethodHandleNatives.java:278)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.linkCallSite(MethodHandleNatives.java:268)
at java.base/java.security.Security.<clinit>(Security.java:83)
at java.base/sun.security.util.SecurityProperties.getOverridableProperty(SecurityProperties.java:57)
at java.base/sun.security.util.SecurityProperties.privilegedGetOverridable(SecurityProperties.java:48)
at java.base/sun.security.util.SecurityProperties.includedInExceptions(SecurityProperties.java:72)
at java.base/sun.security.util.SecurityProperties.<clinit>(SecurityProperties.java:36)
at java.base/sun.security.util.FilePermCompat.<clinit>(FilePermCompat.java:43)
at java.base/java.io.FilePermission.init(FilePermission.java:319)
at java.base/java.io.FilePermission.<init>(FilePermission.java:490)
at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.file.FileURLConnection.getPermission(FileURLConnection.java:222)
at java.base/sun.security.util.LazyCodeSourcePermissionCollection.ensureAdded(LazyCodeSourcePermissionCollection.java:69)
at java.base/sun.security.util.LazyCodeSourcePermissionCollection.toString(LazyCodeSourcePermissionCollection.java:115)
at java.base/java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:4556)
at java.base/java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:173)
at java.base/java.security.ProtectionDomain.toString(ProtectionDomain.java:434)
at java.base/java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:4556)
at java.base/java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:1189)
at PDTest.main(PDTest.java:17)
Caused by: java.lang.invoke.LambdaConversionException: Exception instantiating lambda object
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.buildCallSite(InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java:245)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.LambdaMetafactory.metafactory(LambdaMetafactory.java:341)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.BootstrapMethodInvoker.invoke(BootstrapMethodInvoker.java:170)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.invoke.WrongMethodTypeException: handle's method type ()Object but found ()Object
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.Invokers.newWrongMethodTypeException(Invokers.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.Invokers.checkExactType(Invokers.java:530)
at java.base/java.lang.invoke.InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.buildCallSite(InnerClassLambdaMetafactory.java:237)
... 22 more