https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/22/docs/specs/man/java.html#application-class-data-sharing

"The names "static" and "dynamic" are used for historical reasons. The only significance is that the "static" archive is loaded first and the "dynamic" archive is loaded second."

However, there are more substantial differences:

JDK 23 and before
- Heap objects can only be stored in the static archive
- Classes that are verified with the old verifier during the dynamic dump cannot be archived

Since JDK 24
- -XX:+ArchiveInvokeDynamic [JDK-8293336] works only with the static archive.