The following assertion failure can be triggered by running:

$ java --enable-preview -source 23 -Xcomp HelloWorld.java

#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
# Internal Error (/home/christian/valhalla2/open/src/hotspot/share/opto/parseHelper.cpp:92), pid=792427, tid=792441
# assert(stopped() || _gvn.type(peek())->higher_equal(TypePtr::NULL_PTR)) failed: what's left behind is null
#
# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (23.0) (fastdebug build 23-lworld5ea-2024-08-06-0920120.christian...)
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (fastdebug 23-lworld5ea-2024-08-06-0920120.christian..., compiled mode, tiered, compressed oops, compressed class ptrs, g1 gc, linux-amd64)
# Problematic frame:
# V [libjvm.so+0x15db892] Parse::do_checkcast()+0x3a2
..........
Command Line: --enable-preview -Djdk.internal.javac.source=23 -Xcomp --add-modules=ALL-DEFAULT jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.launcher.SourceLauncher Test.java
..........
Current CompileTask:
C2:61638 18002 b 4 com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Items$LocalItem::incr (159 bytes)

Stack: [0x000074f9a0c00000,0x000074f9a0d00000], sp=0x000074f9a0cfb8e0, free space=1006k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [libjvm.so+0x15db892] Parse::do_checkcast()+0x3a2 (parseHelper.cpp:92)
V [libjvm.so+0x15d3289] Parse::do_one_bytecode()+0x2c79 (parse2.cpp:3516)
V [libjvm.so+0x15b8b5a] Parse::do_one_block()+0x20a (parse1.cpp:1673)
V [libjvm.so+0x15ba016] Parse::do_all_blocks()+0x136 (parse1.cpp:743)
V [libjvm.so+0x15be6e5] Parse::Parse(JVMState*, ciMethod*, float)+0xe05 (parse1.cpp:647)
V [libjvm.so+0x87c85c] ParseGenerator::generate(JVMState*)+0x16c (callGenerator.cpp:100)
V [libjvm.so+0xbd687a] Parse::do_call()+0x6ba (doCall.cpp:693)
V [libjvm.so+0x15d0a20] Parse::do_one_bytecode()+0x410 (parse2.cpp:3513)
V [libjvm.so+0x15b8b5a] Parse::do_one_block()+0x20a (parse1.cpp:1673)
V [libjvm.so+0x15ba016] Parse::do_all_blocks()+0x136 (parse1.cpp:743)
V [libjvm.so+0x15be6e5] Parse::Parse(JVMState*, ciMethod*, float)+0xe05 (parse1.cpp:647)
V [libjvm.so+0x87c85c] ParseGenerator::generate(JVMState*)+0x16c (callGenerator.cpp:100)
V [libjvm.so+0x87f1e7] PredictedCallGenerator::generate(JVMState*)+0x327 (callGenerator.cpp:1051)
V [libjvm.so+0xbd687a] Parse::do_call()+0x6ba (doCall.cpp:693)
V [libjvm.so+0x15d0a20] Parse::do_one_bytecode()+0x410 (parse2.cpp:3513)
V [libjvm.so+0x15b8b5a] Parse::do_one_block()+0x20a (parse1.cpp:1673)
V [libjvm.so+0x15ba016] Parse::do_all_blocks()+0x136 (parse1.cpp:743)
V [libjvm.so+0x15be6e5] Parse::Parse(JVMState*, ciMethod*, float)+0xe05 (parse1.cpp:647)
V [libjvm.so+0x87c85c] ParseGenerator::generate(JVMState*)+0x16c (callGenerator.cpp:100)
V [libjvm.so+0xa3aa61] Compile::Compile(ciEnv*, ciMethod*, int, Options, DirectiveSet*)+0x1781 (compile.cpp:805)
V [libjvm.so+0x879732] C2Compiler::compile_method(ciEnv*, ciMethod*, int, bool, DirectiveSet*)+0x1f2 (c2compiler.cpp:143)
V [libjvm.so+0xa46e0c] CompileBroker::invoke_compiler_on_method(CompileTask*)+0x92c (compileBroker.cpp:2305)
V [libjvm.so+0xa47a88] CompileBroker::compiler_thread_loop()+0x458 (compileBroker.cpp:1964)
V [libjvm.so+0xf4a37c] JavaThread::thread_main_inner()+0xcc (javaThread.cpp:722)
V [libjvm.so+0x187d296] Thread::call_run()+0xb6 (thread.cpp:221)
V [libjvm.so+0x1566b07] thread_native_entry(Thread*)+0x127 (os_linux.cpp:841)