Summary

Remove the Windows 32-bit x86 port.

Goals

• Update the build system to issue an error message when an attempt is made to configure a build for Windows 32-bit x86 (x86-32).

• Mark the port, and related port-specific features, as removed in the relevant documentation.

Non-Goals

• It is not a goal to change the status of the affected port in any prior release. The earliest release to which this JEP could be targeted is JDK 24.

• It is not a goal to remove any other 32-bit port.

Motivation

• Allow contributors in the OpenJDK Community to accelerate the development of new features and enhancements that will move the platform forward.

• The implementation of JEP 436 (Virtual Threads) for Windows x86-32 falls back to the use of kernel threads and therefore does not bring the expected benefits of Project Loom.

• Windows 10, the last Windows operating system to support 32-bit operation, will reach End of Life in October 2025.

Description

An attempt to configure a Windows x86-32 build will produce the following output:

$ bash ./configure --with-target-bits=32
...
checking compilation type... native
configure: error: 32-bit Windows builds are not supported
configure exiting with result code 1
$

Risks and Assumptions

32-bit JVMs are still used on Windows due to integration with 32-bit native libraries (DLLs). Their users cannot migrate directly to 64-bit JVMs because a 64-bit process on Windows cannot load 32-bit DLLs. While Windows x64 is capable of running 32-bit applications by emulating an 32-bit environment through WOW64, applications will suffer dramatic performance degradation despite the assumed memory footprint benefits.

We therefore assume that

• Users can continue to run existing builds of the Windows 32-bit JVM to integrate with native 32-bit libraries and, if necessary, expose 32-bit functionality via remote APIs to be consumed by applications running on a 64-bit JVM within the same environment; and

• Legacy systems are unlikely to migrate to versions of the JDK following the release of Java 21.