repro command:
java -XX:+PrintTrainingInfo -XX:CacheDataStore=JavacBenchApp.cds -cp JavacBenchApp.jar JavacBenchApp 50

repro with preimage file:
java -cp JavacBenchApp.jar -XX:+PrintTrainingInfo -XX:CacheDataStore=JavacBenchApp.cds -XX:CDSPreimage=JavacBenchApp.cds.preimage


# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
# Internal Error (d:\leyden\src\hotspot\share\oops/trainingData.hpp:376), pid=90948, tid=10144
# assert(has_holder()) failed: precond
#
# JRE version: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (24.0) (slowdebug build 24-internal-adhoc.REDMONDdhanalla.leyden)
# Java VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (slowdebug 24-internal-adhoc.REDMONDdhanalla.leyden, mixed mode, sharing, tiered, compressed oops, compressed class ptrs, g1 gc, windows-amd64)
# Core dump will be written. Default location: D:\Leyden\build\windows-x86_64-server-slowdebug\hs_err_pid90948.mdmp
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
# https://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
#

--------------- S U M M A R Y ------------

Command Line: -XX:+PrintTrainingInfo -XX:CacheDataStore=JavacBenchApp.cds -XX:CDSPreimage=JavacBenchApp.cds.preimage

Host: DhamoderDevBox, AMD Ryzen Threadripper PRO 3945WX 12-Cores , 24 cores, 63G, Windows 11 , 64 bit Build 22621 (10.0.22621.3958)
Time: Fri Sep 20 02:15:03 2024 ric elapsed time: 1.689204 seconds (0d 0h 0m 1s)

--------------- T H R E A D ---------------

Current thread (0x0000029763c4c020): JavaThread "main" [_thread_in_vm, id=10144, stack(0x000000f93fa00000,0x000000f93fb00000) (1024K)]

Stack: [0x000000f93fa00000,0x000000f93fb00000]
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [jvm.dll+0xfc15e4] os::win32::platform_print_native_stack+0x64 (os_windows_x86.cpp:232)
V [jvm.dll+0x6e2a4b] os::platform_print_native_stack+0x3b (os_windows_x86.inline.hpp:36)
V [jvm.dll+0x1336f8f] VMError::report+0x18ff (vmError.cpp:1011)
V [jvm.dll+0x133a75e] VMError::report_and_die+0x7be (vmError.cpp:1842)
V [jvm.dll+0x133ae01] VMError::report_and_die+0x81 (vmError.cpp:1611)
V [jvm.dll+0x6e0b1b] report_vm_error+0x7b (debug.cpp:193)
V [jvm.dll+0x129f31b] KlassTrainingData::name+0x4b (trainingData.hpp:376)
V [jvm.dll+0x129939d] KlassTrainingData::print_on+0x1d (trainingData.cpp:412)
V [jvm.dll+0x129a5b2] CompileTrainingData::print_on+0x1b2 (trainingData.cpp:280)
V [jvm.dll+0x6e00c0] CompileTrainingData::print_on+0x20 (trainingData.hpp:618)
V [jvm.dll+0x129bca0] `TrainingDataPrinter::do_value'::`19'::<lambda_2>::operator()+0x60 (trainingData.cpp:868)
V [jvm.dll+0x129c5d4] MethodTrainingData::iterate_all_compiles<`TrainingDataPrinter::do_value'::`19'::<lambda_2> >+0x54 (trainingData.hpp:741)
V [jvm.dll+0x129b7b5] TrainingDataPrinter::do_value+0x335 (trainingData.cpp:864)
V [jvm.dll+0x129c3ae] CompactHashtable<TrainingData::Key const *,TrainingData *,&read_value_from_compact_hashtable<TrainingData *>,&TrainingData::Key::equals>::iterate<TrainingDataPrinter>+0x10e (compactHashtable.hpp:301)
V [jvm.dll+0x129884f] TrainingData::print_archived_training_data_on+0x3f (trainingData.cpp:669)
V [jvm.dll+0x310f7b] AOTLinkedClassBulkLoader::load_app_classes+0x4b (aotLinkedClassBulkLoader.cpp:123)
V [jvm.dll+0x123fe31] SystemDictionary::compute_java_loaders+0x1f1 (systemDictionary.cpp:160)
V [jvm.dll+0x1293d11] Threads::create_vm+0x9c1 (threads.cpp:810)
V [jvm.dll+0xb86dec] JNI_CreateJavaVM_inner+0x7c (jni.cpp:3581)
V [jvm.dll+0xb6abff] JNI_CreateJavaVM+0x2f (jni.cpp:3672)
C [jli.dll+0xbd0c] InitializeJVM+0x11c (java.c:1596)
C [jli.dll+0x9963] JavaMain+0xd3 (java.c:505)
C [jli.dll+0xfe83] ThreadJavaMain+0x13 (java_md.c:685)
C [ucrtbase.dll+0x29333] (no source info available)
C [KERNEL32.DLL+0x1257d] (no source info available)
C [ntdll.dll+0x5af28] (no source info available)

Lock stack of current Java thread (top to bottom):